#(160807)
1 Preparedness ≠ Readiness; 2 Slowing Epidemics; 3 Yellow Fever - Policy; 4 Zika; 5 Self Confirming Misinformation; 6 Flossing - Novelty; 7 Anthrax - Melting; 8 Zoonosis - Pets; 9 Success - Fakery ; 10 Yellow Fever - Framing.
-1. Preparedness to respond is not the same as being ready to respond in the way needed. Prevention and mitigation tend to be cheaper than response, but are not as sexy or profitable, especially for recovery. However prevention can be very beneficial if one never accountable to show what has been prevented. Unfortunately prevention also means that nothing happens which implies it is not needed. The Fence or the Ambulance (1895) which was added to with The Ambulance in the Valley (1943). This has also become an idiom Ambulance at the Bottom of the Cliff and has variations or is a theme used for other purposes Ambulances, Fences and Cliffs, Child Poverty: Real Action, Real Change. Mitigation and Preparedness.
-1.2. In any case from what I can determine, the classic disaster phases are not useful for biodisasters, and many disaster management procedures are exactly what not to do. The current WHO Pandemic Phase Descriptions and Main Actions by Phase is probably closer to what would actually work, but there are still many different systems globally that are not standardized or coordinated, to include use of phase-action systems that are still lingering around after they proved to be ineffective in previous biodisasters [Cartoon]. The phases correspond to the clinical medical perspective of a biodsiaster, while the actions have more in common with the parademic aspects. These actions (planning and coordination, situation monitoring and assessment/surveillance, communications, reducing the spread/contain and control, continuity of health care/community reliance) are continuous in all phases, but change in focus at each phase. Other emegency management systems and plans are likewise counterproductive, if absolutely the wrong thing to do, Where Incident Management Unravels. The current phases and actions are inemore or less in the Interim CDC Zika Response Plan page 4.
-1.3. How to identify what is needed - CARVER2. The irony is that this concept was originally a targeting acronym before being adapted for the needs of Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief, but likes in original namesake is designed for fluid conditions where there is constant evaluation as information is gained, the situation change and eventual goals are agreed upon.
-Critical: What is needed for life. Air, Water, Food, Shelter/protection, Health, Information, social organization, security. What is wanted for infrastructure: Power, energy, transportation, supply, distribution, communication, planning, logistics, sanitation, medical, facilities, business and government organizations. [Cartoon]
-Access: To medical care and other needs and can medical care and other needs reach populations and communities. During some biodisaster access and egress will need to be controlled.
-Recoverable: Can a population and/or community recover from the event. Does it have the resilience. For infrastructure that needs to be shut down or left to deteriorate can it be restarted, and could be become a future hazard.
-Vulnerable: Is the population/community vulnerable to the biodisaster. Not all will be, and some that previously would not have been could become vulnerable.
-Effect: What are the consequences. Will depopulation of an area mean that forced migrations will move in. Will there be conflict over resources. How will demographics change.
-Recognizable: Will the problem, or coming problem. Being slow disasters, biodisasters could be denied, ignored, left to deal with later, not be noted at all, or if noted not considered a problem.
-Responsibility. Who are responsible to make decisions and accomplish this, and will they do it in a responsible manner so as not to create dependency, or cause iatrogenic problems. Iatrogenic in this case is unintended consequences, or solutions that are worse than the original problem.
-1.4. Another way to look at preparedness comes from Business Continuity Management (BCM), though again take caution that the BCM, like Continuity of Government (COG), is not done without keeping in mind the main objective is sustaining society, not one’s business or political power. This does not mean that business and government are not critical elements of society and the detection, surveillance, containment and control of biodisaster (albeit these both have been parademic hinderences), but per 1.3↑ not all that they do are critical, but can be suspended, delayed, or diverted to other needs. Otherwise business could end up with no one to provide goods and services too, and government would have nothing to administer and regulate. [Cartoon, Meme, Photo] Six Levels of Business Continuity Maturity:
Level 1 Self(ish): It’s every man or woman for him/herself. All against all, sole survivor.
Level 2 Group: Survivors, well at least for a while longer than the others. Competition.
Level 3 Cooperative: Moderately prepared to work with others, and have practiced when convenient and clearly benefits the group.
Level 4 Integrated: Meet all standards and requirements, but not perform flexibility or adapt.
Level 5 Collaborative: Can perform with others, integrate learning and emergent capabilities.
Level 6 Synergistic: Whole of society can be applied to the problem and avoid creating new ones.
Unfortunately the last three only happen in the actual situation when there is no other choice, which appears unlikely if the observation of increased global polarization is correct, Maps of Global Polarization, Fences: A Brexit Diary.
-2. Replacing Ill Workers with Healthy Ones Accelerates Some Epidemics. When disease outbreaks occur, people with essential roles – healthcare workers, first responders, and teachers, for example – are typically up close and personal with infected people. As these front-line workers become infected, healthy individuals take their places. Based on network models of this 'human exchange,' researchers find that replacing sick individuals with healthy ones can actually accelerate the spread of infection. My recommendation is that what is essential and non-essential in non-critical situations are not the same. Prior planning should include what infrastructure and operations should be shut down to slow spread, and then adjusted for the actual needs, or that the shut down will cause more harm than the biothreat, or will actually fuel the biothreat. Freed resources can be put to other purposes such as maintenance and operation of the now critical needs, giving essential people a chance to rest which will enhance their safety and ability to be effective. All of this without taking away from other essential services, where negligence of their maintenance and operation will become future problems. If the attrition continues then there will be a need to shut down operations that cannot be safely maintained, or need to be safeguarded from use by others. Whether permanent, temporary, or for the duration shut downs needs to be in a way that they can be “easily” restarted as opposed to being left to breakdown and deteriorate further, or savaged. Other functions can be suspended temporarily, or done intermittently, diverting resources for the preserving of other needs, and limiting spread. It will not be easy to do this as some people will find it difficult to believe they are no longer essential and critical, not that what they have always done is not the right thing to continue doing.
-3. Yellow Fever – More a Policy and Planning Problem than a Biological One. The recent and ongoing outbreak (epidemic) of yellow fever in Angola is cause for concern, not only in West Africa, but also in contiguous and other nearby countries. As of June 21, 2016, the WHO had reported 3,137 cases and 350 deaths, but at the present time, it is not cause for panic or for extravagant claims of an "impending global health threat". As long as the Angola Ministry of Health reports that there have been <400 deaths from YF since it declared the outbreak 4 months ago, and because there is an effective vaccine against this disease, it is difficult to understand dire warnings of a global threat. 160710-1
↕4. It's Official: Zika Is a Sexually Transmitted Infection. Fourteen Miami area residents who have caught Zika virus in the city are the first believed to have been infected by U.S. mosquitoes. The news confirms what public health experts have been predicting for months: At some point this summer in the United States, Zika would cease to be only an imported illness and become a locally transmitted one. ¶ Public health experts now know that Zika can be passed in bodily fluids between one man and another, between a man and a woman, and from a woman to a man—and though no case has been made public, they assume it can be transmitted between female partners as well [Cartoon]. Human to Human (H2H) is the most effective of carriers, vectors, reservoirs. Vector Borne Zoonotic Disease and Human Activity [Chart]. A change from 160731-4B↓, Florida Has Identified 10 More Zika Cases; Calls in Feds for Help, Florida Seeking Federal Aid to Combat Zika Virus, foreign countries tend to use VOA as a news source so same article is published in other countries. What Cities Can Learn from Key West's Zika Controversy, Mutant Mosquitoes Could Fight Zika in Florida, but Misinformation Spreads, The FDA Just Approved Genetically Modified, Zika Fighting Mosquitoes for Release in Florida. And the inevitable economic impact, Florida’s $82 Billion Tourism Industry Braces for Zika
-4.1. Unclear if congress will reconvene and act Blumenthal Calls on Congress to Reconvene and Approve Zika Funding, Reid: Congress Should Return 'Immediately' to Fight Zika. Will reconvening be viewed as admitting a mistake; a chance to hold a population as hostage to reach political objectives or concessions, (Holding the Polio Vaccine Hostage, Domestic Terror Against Healthcare Providers, Biopolitics: An Overview, Killing Your Charity: Ending Dependency on NGOs); an opportunity for political maneuvering to place or deflect blame, if nothing else requesting congress reconvene is good positioning (Senate Democrats Block GOP's Zika Funding Bills24 , Republicans Poison Zika Funding Bill with Important Help for Confederate Flag, Cuts to Obamacare, Florida Governor Criticizes Washington for Lagging in Zika Fight); and the least likely of all do something beneficial to everyone, the safe bet that it is already August (left July 15) and planned return is September 6. How much difference could four weeks make. More likely there will have to be more acceleration and cases in other areas before action is taken, such as stopping all flights to and from Florida (Ebola: Hysteria & Ignorance Set the Agenda [Cartoon]), or is that being cynical.
-A. Guess not CDC Issues Historic Travel Warning over Miami Zika Outbreak. When Zika Got Political, American Cities Got Screwed. Dear Washington: The Time to Prepare for Zika Has Come and Gone, Congress Missed its Chance to Help Combat Zika, If Zika Spreads in the Us, Blame the Politicians, Not the Mosquitoes [Cartoon]. Florida Dem Pushes McConnell on Zika Funding. White House: Zika Money Is Half Depleted. As Zika Fears Escalate, Lawmakers Point Fingers from Afar. #Document Supplemental Appropriations for Zika Response: The FY2016 Conference Agreement in Brief. Florida’s Zika Outbreak Was Expected, and it is being quickly contained. This isn’t the case in Puerto Rico 4.2, 160731-4.1↓.
-4.2. Under Reporting of Zika Is Rife; Researchers Project Epidemic's Spread in Certain Countries. A new study reveals a large disparity between the number of reported and projected Zika cases. The researchers, responding to a 'call to arms' to model the spread of the virus, say that while a major US outbreak isn't projected, a certain set of countries in the Americas have the right conditions for "major outbreaks". Under reporting is not necessarily intentional hiding. There may be political/economic motivations to under report, but it may also be because of lack of understanding that a period of days of no new cases may be incubation (possibly years as with HIV), or asymptomatic carriers. Outbreaks may also occur where there are limits to medical surveillance, lack of public health infrastructure, and delays of getting lab results. There could also be fear of seeking medical aid because of the consequences. In any case it is difficult to be accurate with numbers in an outbreak as the situation is constantly changing. Instead of complete accuracy one looks for general trends over time, at a minimum the incubation time elapsed between exposure to a pathogen, chemical or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent. ¶ Bottom line most under reporting appears to have political/economic motivations Under Reporting of Fisheries Catches Threatens Caribbean Marine Life, just as inversely these are the same motivations temptations for possible over reporting or othersensuailzation (promote public interest), Zika Cases Surge in Puerto Rico as Mosquitoes Flourish, Puerto Rican OB-GYNs Offer Free Birth Control to Fight Zika 4.2↑. ¶ For Zika Virus the incubation period is not clear, and there may only be mild symptoms that later appear in the fetus after a few months. More of a problem is not even being aware These Scientists Saw Zika Coming. Now They’re Fighting Back.
-4.3. Contagion in Popular Places: from Zika to Political Extremism. The alert is out and South Floridians are taking heed. With the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issuing a warning for visitors and locals to avoid a neighborhood in Miami after more than a dozen individuals contracted Zika, a new study shows how the flow of visitors through a popular place, such as the affected Wynwood area of Miami, determines the eventual severity and duration of such an outbreak.
-4.3.1. This is a repeated confirmation of previous observation of the same phenomena. 'Media Contagion' Is Factor in Mass Shootings, Mass Media and the Contagion of Fear: The Case of Ebola in America, Germs on the Big Screen: 11 Infectious Movies, Can Fear be a Contagion. Can Mass Fear Lead to Public Panic, #Reference Contagious Discourse: Germs, Mass Media, and the Shaping of Reality, Why We Link Ebola to Fictional Stories like 'Contagion', Ebola News Coverage Linked to Public Panic, News Coverage of US Ebola Outbreak Caused Panic Through Social Media. Though there is nothing definitive but there arenumerous observations that “nothing spreads like fear”, The Science of Contagion: Why You Should Be Scared of Hollywood's Latest Pandemic Thriller, ‘Contagion’ or How Disaster Movies “Educate” the Masses. The parademic concern is that already unstable or people with fixed ideation will act on their interpretation of media with panic and measures to protected themselve. There are likely to be others who will behave in accordance with narratives, “fear the dead, beware the living”*A, violently competing with others rather than cooperation which would be the key to survival. In parademics one does not actually have to have a biohazard to have the worst aspects of panic, fear, xenophobia, isolationism, everyone against everyone. Experts Offer Steps for Avoiding Public Hysteria, a Different Contagious Threat.
-*A. Not available yet but will see how this fits into the larger bioterror, collapse of society narratives. The Division Is Being Made into a Movie Starring Jake Gyllenhaal. Ubisoft's open world bioterror shooter will be heading to the big screen, with some major talent attached. Biodefense in Gaming: Enjoyable but Inaccurate. With pathogens like Zika, Ebola, and West Nile now household names, biodefense has rarely been more culturally relevant. One needs look no further for proof than the sudden proliferation of TV shows and movies taking on these themes. Depictions of biodefense topics in popular culture are not limited to traditional media, though; numerous video games and board games have been released in the past few years in which biodefense plays an important role. And with both media and gaming adding to the narrative the possibility of increase of behavior based on these in a biodisaster.
-4.4. Have been reviewing the Brazilian claim that the Zika Virus is not following expected patterns 160731-4.1.1↓. I suspect that either the researchers used an incorrect statistical model or have a skewing bias that is causing them to see something that is not there (possibly correlation with GMO 160717-4.5↓, or pesticides 160626-4.4↓) or missing what is there. More likely the popular reporting got the information incorrectly. To my understanding the pattern is what would be expected for random pattern of a vector that does not have a wide range individually, short life span (5 days for males up to 6 months for females) Mosquito Facts, and it is unknown if mosquito’s pass the virus to other hosts, mosquitoes and eggs. There is also the example that the spread in Florida is a very small area 4↑, (with large geographical jumps by importation where the same mosquito vectors are, and that other sources have not picked up the story. Classic Articles on Statistical Thinking, What is Probability and Why Do People Struggle to Understand It, Statistics Done Wrong, and How to Do Better. ¶ Other examples are 6↓ andin Get Thee to a Hospital. Don’t worry: Medical error is not actually the third leading cause of death in the U.S. It is amazing, outside the chance of probability, that 10% and 1/3 are cited as statistical findings so often. I usually thinks of those stats as red flags that there is an error in data.
-5. Collateral Harm: Impact of Ebola, Related Fears on Facility Based Child Deliveries. The first known household survey examining the collateral harm to pregnancy services in areas affected by the West African Ebola epidemic suggests a significant slide backwards in child and maternal health. The study, conducted in Liberia, points to the deep disruptions caused by the Ebola epidemic, even in parts of the country with relatively limited transmission. A possible solution is Kenya's Traditional Midwives in Frontline of Drive to Cut Maternal Deaths. [Cartoon]
-5.2. Along with neglect of other health issues during a biodisaster Effects of Response to 2014–2015 Ebola Outbreak on Deaths from Malaria, HIV/AIDS, and Tuberculosis, West Africa, it is hard to shake a fear that is based on a directly experience disaster, even after the event has ended for sometime, and could be picked up by the next generation. An example is the phrase “they grew up during the depression” which is used as a code to explain behaviors in older people, 10 Signs Your Parents Grew up During the Depression. There are typically famine and economic impacts after a major epidemic Ebola Aftereffects Threaten Food Shortages in West Africa which can lead to conflicts and mass migrations.
-6. A single “study” can have devastating effects. In health and nutrition where there is very little that is definitively known, large sample, long term studies are expensive. Besides who wants to be in a long term study in the group that will probably suffer from detrimental health, or at least lost teeth. The impact of media thoughtlessly relaying information from authorities because its novel or to stir outrage, can ripple out as a persistent myth that people behave toward as if it is validated information. Haven't Flossed Lately. Don't Feel Too Bad: Evidence for the Benefits of Flossing Is 'Weak, Very Unreliable', No Strong Proof That Flossing Your Teeth Has Medical Benefit, Does Flossing Help or Not. The Evidence Is Mixed at Best, It’s Official: Flossing Does Not Get Rid of Plaque, Flossing Has No Proven Benefits, So U.S. Health Department Stops Recommending the Pratice (sic, spelling errors in mainstream sources indicates editing was not careful, possibly reflecting on the reliability of the source. Parademic itself leaves in spelling errors, or foreign spelling, was well and the increasingly less frequent intentional typos and other errors, except to enhance active reading). This is an example of self validating information. The same item is repeated over and over again, giving the appearance and weight of multiple verifications when in actuality it is an echo). Hey Sorry Everyone But You Should Probably Keep Flossing. Likely there will be other original work to debunk this and eventually the “authority” will reinstate the recommendation to floss. [Cartoon, Cartoon]. String of Lies. Our confusion over dental floss is the result of years of biased research, thanks to the war between floss and mouthwash. When Balance Is Bias. Sometimes the science is strong enough for the media to come down on one side of a debate.
-6.1. Even sources that put out a great deal of misinformation for financial gain tout the benefits of flossing, though maybe this is consistent on making statements based on very little “evidence”, The Importance of Daily Flossing. Other infamous examples are The average person needs to drink eight glasses of water per day to avoid being 'chronically dehydrated', Why I Still Drink Eight Glasses of Water a Day; The Great Controlled Drinking Controversy (alcoholics can drink moderately), The Controlled Drinking Debates: A Review of Four Decades of Acrimony; Tobacco Chiefs Say Cigarettes Aren't Addictive [Advertisement]; and of course Andrew Wakefield’s Harmful Myth of Vaccine Induced “Autistic Entercolitis”. ¶ Misinformation and errors is one theme of Parademic, not because of the error, but because of the insights it provides into the behaviors during biodisasters. 7 of the Biggest Quacks and Scam Artists in Medical History, Health Fraud Scams.
-“There is nothing quite like falsehood. Lies are pinpoints – identifiable historical events that can be traced. Falsehoods also have motivations – points of departure for our ruminations on the human animal. Truth, on the other hand, simply happens. Its accurate report teaches us little beyond the event itself”. – Stephen Jay Gould, Knight takes Bishop
-7. Anthrax in Russia is getting interesting 160731-9↓. Was watching because this may happen in other locations. I was also interested to see what happened to the evacuated nomads as an illustration of forced migration due to a biodisaster. There was a comparable event in the Aleutian Islands during WWII Evacuation and Internment, 1942-1945, Alaska's World War II Civilian Pows Recall Their 'Lost Village' of Attu, Alaska's Aleuts – Forgotten Internees of WWII, The Aleut Evacuation - A Grave Injustice. My guess is that there will be no information for years. There is media fatigue about refugees due to the Syrian crisis, and people will “assume” that evacuation by the government means the government will make provisions for the people evacuated, and Russia is not exactly the most forthcoming country on anything. Indicators are that Russia tends to neglect this population, Russia's Periphery, North, Siberia, and the Steppe. In general governments do not like nomadic or indigenous peoples Refugees in Their Own Land: How Indigenous People Are Still Homeless in Modern Australia, tending to put them on reservations, genocides, destroying their culture and livelihood, policies to civilize, marginalizing, and (not so) benign neglect 7.2↓.
-A. Happily it appears that I am wrong, Anthrax in Siberia: Aid Going to Nomad Families. Now we have to wait and see if this aid creates dependency Aid Dependence. Issues and Indicators, Dependency of Aid in Protracted Crisis, Dependency and Humanitarian Relief; permanent refugees Many Haitian Children View Camps' Limbo as Permanent (1995), The Permanent Temporary Solution, When Refugees Camps Last Three Generations, We must Accept They’re Not Going Anywhere; or leaves a worse situation that before, Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Brings 'Bad Juju' and Pain 25 Years Later, Recovery Still Incomplete After Valdez Spill, 25 Years After Spill, Alaska Town Struggles Back From 'Dead Zone'; not to forget outright exploitation Vaccine Prices Are 20 Times Higher in Refugee Camps.
-7.1. There is the expected cases in other parts of the world, but same biome [Map]. Anthrax Outbreak Triggered by Climate Change Sickens Dozens in Arctic Circle. Really, did they have to say zombie 20 People Now Infected by Zombie Anthrax Outbreak in Siberia, Zombie Microbes, Reindeer and the Health Risks of Climate Change. Anthrax Outbreak in Sweden Kills Nine Animals. Yamal Anthrax Outbreak Could Just Be the Beginning.
-7.2. 'Five Week Delay' in Issuing Warning of Anthrax Outbreak, Claims Senior Veterinary Regulator. A blame game has begun on the outbreak of anthrax on the Yamal peninsula, with a senior veterinary watchdog official alleging a huge delay in informing the public and government officials of the lethal disease. Possibly demonstrating a general policy of ignore 7↑. There is the usual claim that 'Everything is done correctly', Yamal Nomads Had No Means to Report Anthrax Outbreak. Tundra Ablaze as Reindeer Carcasses Infected with Deadly Anthrax Are Incinerated, however the method of dumping fuel on the bodies, creating very high hear (900F) and then disinfecting with bleach on the fragile tundra biome does not seem like a good idea, Inactivation of Bacillus Anthracis Spores, Study of Tundra Soil Demonstrates Vulnerability of Ecosystem to Climate Warming. This is consistent with Russia’s long history of not being particular conscious of environmental damage Shocking Oil Spill Scenes from Siberia: but Is There a Way to a Cleaner Future. ¶ Like other places in the world Russia is also cutting out other fringe minorities groups, like scientists, emasculating itself to deal economic advancement in the long term for short term “savings”, and with biodisasters, Russian Scientists Bracing for Massive Job Losses.
-7.3. Anthrax Outbreak in Russia Thought to Be Result of Thawing Permafrost. As usual this was a problem that was anticipated years ago, Climate Threat: Thawing Tundra Releases Infected Corpses (2008), In the Norwegian Permafrost, a New Hunt for the Deadly 1918 Flu Virus (1998), Climate Change Promotes the Emergence of Serious Disease Outbreaks of Filarioid Nematodes (2010), Thawing of Permafrost May Disturb Historic Cattle Burial Grounds in East Siberia (2011); and now with an incident there are others trying to alert others that this is a trend toward what will happen again, For Climate Scientists, the Siberian Anthrax Outbreak Is a Sign of What’s to Come, Global Warming and its Dangerous Consequences.
-7.4. The melting Arctic land and sea regions has been on my watch list since 2010 as Alaska was part of my area of responsibility with Region E. This made my areas of interests the neighboring Canadian British Columbia, Yukon and Northwest Territories [Map]; Russian Far East [Map], and Arctic sea routes [Map]. Pathogens, invasive species (both by human transport and animals forces to migrate south), and pollutants don’t respect national boundaries, especially if there is no barrier. There would now be direct routes between Asia to the Western North America and Europe, as well as increased commerce (and biohazards) in Alaskan sea ports, not to mention tourists and possibly one of a few places where the mass gathering of the winter Olympics may still be able to happen.
-A. At this point it is still an unknown what will happen to the world’s ocean currents when the Arctic ocean becomes nearly ice free all year, The Ocean's Great Garbage Patches Might Have Exit Doors, Melting Arctic Sea Ice Could Be Disrupting the Oceans’ Circulation – with Major Consequences. 151011-41.1, 141026-30, 140406-59, 140309-4, 131215-59, 130616-30, 130310-57, 100704-7↓.
-B. There may also be other problems emerge from the ice. A Radioactive Cold War Military Base Will Soon Emerge From Greenland’s Melting Ice, Melting Ice in Greenland Could Expose Serious Pollutants from Buried Army Base. [Photo Polar Expedition Six (1951)].
-8. Zoonosis that jump species (Woman's Deadly Infection Linked to Horse Riding) and among food animals is a known problem, but what would the impact be on animals that are domesticated as pets or transportation. What would be the affect if all equines, or felines, or canines died off. For Vets, Caring for Sick Pets and Grieving Owners Takes a Toll. Worse; what if there was a serious disease that had jumped species from “fluffy” or “spot” and the only way to contain and control was cull all these pets. Imagine the political problems if the only way to stop MERS was to euthanize every camelus dromedarius.
-9. Like simplifying language to the lowest common dominator of cognition to address complex concepts, the following would be other excellent way to make Parademic go viral. How to Become a Charlatan in 9 Easy Steps:
- 1. Find an attractive therapy and give it a fantastic name
- 2. Invent a fascinating history
- 3. Add a dash of pseudo-science
- 4. Do not forget a dose of ancient wisdom
- 5. Claim to have a panacea
- 6. Deal with the ‘evidence-problem’ and the nasty skeptics
- 7. Demonstrate that you master the fine art of cheating with statistics
- 8. Score points invoking Big Pharma
- 9. Ask for money, much money
- A. Above list left out •10 Exploit fear or Hurt and Save. Combatting the Alt-Med Stereotype of Oncologists Anxious to Administer Toxic Chemotherapy. New York Attorney General Says Fake Zika Protection Claims Swiftly Dropped. Six companies have agreed to stop marketing products with claims that they can protect users from the mosquito born (sic) Zika virus, a day after his office sent them cease and desist letters. However; sometimes finding how people hurt and finding a solution Meet Nigeria's Curious Cupid - Matchmaking for HIV Patients Looking for Love. [Logo]
-10. Incompetence, corruption and political (still no additional funding) sabotage are difficult to distinguish between. Amid Worst Yellow Fever Outbreak in Decades, 1 Million Vaccines Go Missing. 7 Key Findings from UN’s Bungled Response to Yellow Fever, and same article with different headline WHO Bungles Response to Africa’s Yellow Fever Outbreak. Note also saying Africa, rather than Angola, which either implies a larger disaster, or acknowledges that most readers have no idea where Angola is which implies it is a remote problem.
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