Read This First, Heuristics (1), Glossary (A-H), Mini Lessons (2) INDEX
1. Job Panic, 2. The Missing and Dead, 3. Missing Creepy Crawlers, 4. Don’t Know About (DeNiAl), 5. Zoodemic Costs, 6. Labels, <ADDED >1. Visiting Devastation, >2. Real Estate, >3. Environmental Art, >4. Trapped in First Stage, Denial, Truth ≠ Fact, Sharing Research, >5. Water Wars, >6. Food or Drink, Famine >7. Someone Else Has Noticed, >8. Ebola, >9. Vampire Burials. 181021-VCP
Other Topics: BioTrumpism, BioPolitics, Vaccine, Biosphere, Disaster, Humor, Climate Change, Anthropocene, Anthropogenic, Communication, One Health, Environmental Change, Human Factors, Food Security, Corruption, Extinction Event, BSE - Mad Cow, Science Reporting, Genetics, Food Security, Beer, Vulnerable Children, Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Journalism, Forced Migration, Climate Conflict
-0. PDWN 181007 link broke. Now at Parademic Database Week Notes Ending 181021.
-1. The Idea That Action Against Climate Change Will Destroy the Economy Couldn’t Be More Wrong$. This is the perseveration of biotrumpism 5 Claims Trump Used to Justify Pulling the Us out of the Paris Agreement — and the Reality and campaign promise to create jobs, Trump’s Economic Fiction: Record GDP, Jobs, INDEX Jobs as Justification. It is unknown if this is true of not but has been argued before Why Fighting Climate Change May Help the Economy, Not Hurt It 2014, while not fighting (saving jobs that will disappear) increases costs -2-, United Nations Report Says 1.3 Million Killed by Natural Disasters in Last 20 Years as Costs of Climate Disasters Rise Dramatically. As far as I know data has not been collected to test this, same as with anti-immigration being justified for the same reason, Trump Says Banning Immigrants Helps Us Workers. A Leading Economist Says He’s Wrong. Trump Wants to Protect American Jobs. His Immigration Bill Would Make Us Poorer. There's No Evidence That Immigrants Hurt Any American Workers. -180708-4↓, -170220-3.3P↓. Fighting Climate Change Won’t Destroy the Economy. Renewable Energy Is Common Ground for Democrats and Republicans.
-1.1. Government Corruption Tops 5th Annual Chapman University Survey of American Fears, all are feared by a majority, and these are all parademic topics. 5 are environment, 2 are health, 1 is economic, and the top 1 is government corruption -2- -3-, which under biotrumpism impacts environment, health and economics. [Cartoons24 ]. Warning the Most Vulnerable about Climate Change. In a Red State.
-2. Families Search for the Missing in the Hurricane’s Aftermath. In a biocalamity the issue of finding the still living and dead has complications. If a whole family or neighborhood is gone will there be anyone who will know someone is missing. If someone is located will it be possible to find relatives, and verify they are relatives. What if someone has been missing for awhile and does not want to be returned to family, who could very well be strangers. Will there be sufficient records for still living relatives to locate the remains. Then there are the legal problems of insurance, inheritance, who gets assets that there is no legal heir, or worse multiple ones. Locating the dead, identification of who they were, and determining cause of death (direct, indirect, other cause to include using the bioevent to hide murder or to commit one) is a long term recovery project. Last what happens if someone was declared dead and it is discovered that was not the case, especially if someone was interred or cremated in their place.
-‡. In Florida, Determining Hurricane Death Toll Proves Elusive. Families of People Missing after Hurricane Michael Turn to Social Media for Clues. Ten Lessons We Learned about How to Deploy Teams into Post Hurricane Settings. Hurricanes Florence, Michael Raise the Issue of Public Health During Disaster. Why Stay During a Hurricane. Because It's Not as Simple as 'Get Out'. Post Michael Florida: Fear, Frustration and Life on the Edge. Florida Panhandle Medical Care on Life Support after Michael.
-3. Hyperalarming Study Shows Massive Insect Loss. Insects around the world are in a crisis, according to a small but growing number of long term studies showing dramatic declines in invertebrate populations. A new report suggests that the problem is more widespread than scientists realized. Huge numbers of bugs have been lost in a pristine national forest in Puerto Rico, the study found, and the forest's insect eating animals have gone missing, too. Why Scientists Are So Worried by the Huge, Sudden Loss of Insects, a stunning paper on Puerto Rican insects is just one story in an age of mass extinction.
-4. A recurring topic in PDWN is INDEX Science Journalism, namely how it is often leading (intentional or not). The basic issue is paraphrasing 500+ page technical reports with bibliographies, charts, statistics, reasoning chains, appendices .... then add to complication with topics that have been politicized, are a means to economic of other exploitation, have become parademic, that are heavily nuanced, and subject to Dunning Kruger -2-: Vaccination (181021-VCP), evolution, GMOs, climate change -181014-2↓, infectious disease, etc. A recent example of this is Analysis: Just about Everything You’ve Read on the Warren DNA Test Is Wrong, which was written because: Trump Lashes out at Warren over DNA Test, Calls Her Phony, Analysis: Elizabeth Warren Might Have Actually Made Things Worse with Her DNA Gambit, Elizabeth Warren's Big Mistake, Doing it His Way: Warren Emulates Trump as She Taunts Him, The Dark History of Pocahontas, Whose Name Trump Has Evoked to Slam Elizabeth Warren. But there are for more aspects to this: Blood Feud, these are boom times for the Five Civilized Tribes of Oklahoma, but bad times for thousands of black Indians battling for tribal citizenship who are turning to genetic science for help. How Much Percentage of Native American Do You Have to Be to Enroll with a Tribe, Cherokee Nation Calls Warren's DNA Test Inappropriate and Wrong, No, You Are Not Part Cherokee, why tribal family lore is so common among white people from Oklahoma to Georgia, [Cartoon, Cartoon, Cartoon*]. There Is No DNA Test to Prove You’re Native American. Elizabeth Warren Angers Prominent Native Americans with Politically Fraught DNA Test$. DNA Is Irrelevant — Elizabeth Warren Is Simply Not Cherokee. Warren Ancestry Highlights How Tribes Decide Membership. Sessions Says Justice Department Will End Forensic Science Commission, HHS Performing DNA Tests to Confirm Relationships of Separated Families at Border. [Cartoon]. So Many People Have Had Their DNA Sequenced That They've Put Other People's Privacy in Jeopardy -2-. The Trump Administration Reportedly Wants the Government to Revoke Civil Rights Protections from Transgender People, they want to define gender at birth, and force DNA tests to prove otherwise, Against a Federal Registry of Genitals; Geneticists Criticize Use of Science by White Nationalists to Justify Racial Purity, Why White Supremacists Are Chugging Milk (And Why Geneticists Are Alarmed)$. This moves from ignoring science to misusing it, gender is not genetic. Again sex as a topic provides many insights into parademic. Warren Took DNA Test to Help Rebuild Trust in Government. *Speak with forked tongue, comes from the Bible, it is not pidgin English -2- -3- of an Amerindian phrase.
-Quote: Well, when you can't attack the evidence itself, you attack the method of gathering the evidence. ... Oh, CSI's on trial now. CSI's always on trial. You know this. Burden of proof is on us. ... You look for mistakes in any lab, you'll find them. – CSI Effect, The False Promise of DNA Testing.
-5. Measuring Global Cost of Animal Diseases. Across the globe, families depend on livestock animals for milk, meat, eggs, even muscle power. But when a valuable cow or sheep gets sick, farm families face a stark burden affecting not just their herd’s survival, but human health and potential losses for years to come. Economic Analysis of Animal Diseases. The Economics of Animal Health: Direct and Indirect Costs of Animal Disease Outbreaks. | Mad Cow Disease Found in the U.K. for First Time Since 2015. Mad Cow Disease Found on Scottish Farm Poses No Risk to Humans, BSE Found in Scotland: Everything You Need to Know about Mad Cow Disease. This is not only an economic and biocalamaity, but a political parademic one, Mad Cow Disease Nightmare and Teacher Crisis. 170220-4P, 160710-5.1**. Prior to this there was a debate about Live Exports – How Would a Ban Affect Scotland. Scotland Discovers a Case of Mad Cow Disease: What Is It and Why Does It Matter, Movement Ban Imposed on Aberdeenshire Farm Following BSE Case. Mad Cow Disease Has Been Spotted in Scotland - That Should Reassure Us All. What Became of Cordelia Gummer, the Mad Cow Girl. Timing however is not great as there was already a ban on UK beef with stigma about the product, China Lifts Ban on Imports of British Beef. The policy of banning import of infected animals and their products is a common method to contain spread and protect one own industry of the same, U.S. Blocks Pork from Poland over African Swine Fever, Where is African Swine Fever Now, with nearly 400 pigs found dead on three farms, the fear is that the virus might be out of control. <ADDED 181014-180916-3.3>4. If the #Glossary zoonotic/ zoonosis (-ses is plural) infection is already within one’s jurisdiction another common technique is culling to contain and control. In the social dimension culling of fellow contaminated humans has different terminology: war, oppression, genocide, quarantine, banishment, stigmatization, othering, ethnic cleansing, sterilization, ghettos, eugenics$ .... Technically there are no terms for diseases that are only among animals, but zoopathy could be adapted. Same for phytopathology. This is not an absolute category because any pathogen, microbe, contamination and toxin can cause illness in humans. This includes plants, with many poisons and allergies being plant based, but also their pathogens). This is done by either by changing to exploit a new species of host, is no longer benign because of being in a different biome (same as invasive species Search on the macro scale*) or being in a different part of a body (gut microbes that escape the intestinal track into the rest of a body due to an injury), or in sufficient dosage. *\fs24fs24 Invasive species are usually assisted by human activity for transportation and thriving, What Happens When Humans Fall in Love with an Invasive Species
-6. Labeling and Informed Consent. There’s a twofold rationale for labeling something that is risky. First and usually foremost, the label can help you avoid harm, either by avoiding the potentially harmful situation altogether or by taking appropriate precautions. But almost as important is the label’s informed consent component: If you decide to take the risk, you do so knowingly thanks to the label. The concept of “warning” embeds both rationales: Back off or proceed at your own risk. | All that makes perfect sense if the label is warning against a risk that’s sizable. But what if the risk is real but tiny, and accompanied by far greater benefits? Is it wise to label toothpastes that contain parts per trillion of a carcinogen, even if the label will discourage tooth-brushing and the experts are confident that such tiny concentrations of that particular carcinogen pose no significant risk. Should we tell people that the fish they’re considering buying has low levels of mercury, even if we know that such a label will probably lead them to eat more meat instead, and even if we know that, despite the mercury, eating fish entails a smaller health risk than eating red meat. And if employees or neighbors of an industrial facility are inclined to overreact to small hazards, should facility management be nonetheless obligated to notify them when those small hazards are present. And what if there’s considerable dispute whether the risk exists at all. Should we label a product on the supermarket shelf or a chemical in the workplace that contains a substance many people consider dangerous but most experts consider safe. [Sign, Label, Label, Sign, Strip, Bumper Sticker, Bumper Sticker]. Labels are also an expression of social power, a means to influence social reality, and self protection. Warning Labels. INDEX Labels, see also stigmatization, othering, soft form of Whorf-Saphir, Linguistic Relativism, redefining, gas lighting, false accusations, Trump Opens NATO Summit with Blistering Criticism of Germany, Labels Allies Delinquent.
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-181014-2>1. -4↑, [Cartoon]. Absence Makes the Heart Grow Fonder. Melania Puts on a Very Affectionate Display with Donald as They Leave for Florida on Their First Trip since Her Africa Tour - Before Switching up Her Outfit mid Flight. This is completely superficial, irrelevant, and yet important parademic behavior (by the object of the story, those who wrote the story, and those who read it) in the context of a storm damaged area. This could be dismissed as only being for show, but going to a devastated area, or choosing not to go, are very telling. Trump Surveys Michael's Wrath, Rescuers Search for Bodies -2↑. If nothing else the become opportunities to ask questions Trump on Climate Change: There's Something There, and then see if any statements made are downplayed if not completely reversed. If there is a change in position, and likely it will not be a complete change that does not mean everyone will change, Last Man to Walk on the Moon Mistaken About Climate Change on Earth* -2-, he does not believe climate change is caused by human activity, despite overwhelming evidence and scientific consensus to the contrary. As the World Burns, Politicians Remind Us Climate Change Denial Is Alive and Well, Treason Accusation Punctuates Heated Arizona Senate Debate. Trump’s Evolving (But Still Totally Wrong) Take on Global Warming. Climate Change and the Human Mind: A Noted Psychiatrist Weighs In.
-*. This is speculation, but people who have been in the limelight sometimes seek it again with outrageous behavior, munchausen (self harm), unpopular statements, controversial causes (anti-vax), association with those in the limelight – anything to get attention again.
-Quote: The deepest urge in human nature is the desire to be important. – John Dewey
-181014-3>2. Climate Change and the Coming Coastal Real Estate Crash [Photoshop, Santa Monica beach 2029, Cartoon], Will Imperial Beach, California, Retreat from a Rising Sea. Getting Back What You Lost – Rebuilding in a Wildfire Zone. Hurricane Michael Reminds Us It's Past Time to Get Smarter About Where We Build. How Manhattan Became a Rich Ghost Town, New York City Had its First Weekend Without a Shooting in 25 Years, which proves that driving the poor away from an area creates a safe area for the super rich. Rising Drug Prices Widen Gap Between Have, Have Not Patients. Urbanization is Cutting Off Life Support to NYC’s Wetlands. | World Heritage Sites Threatened by Rising Sea Levels, Losing the Grand Canyon: Five Questions for Stephen Nash, #Book Grand Canyon For Sale: Public Land versus Private Interests in the Era of Climate Change [Cover], the journalist and visiting scholar at the examines politics, climate change, and public lands. This Yellowstone Geyser Spat out a Pacifier from 1930s – and Lots of Other Trash, [Photo]. In Japan, a Strange Sight: Cherry Blossoms Blooming in the Fall. What Migrants Displaced by the Dust Bowl and Climate Events Can Teach Us, <ADDED 180401-180311-11>4. <ADDED 181014-180916-5>7‡ had a photo of a flipped jet and damaged aircraft, which was at odds with military report that all aircraft were moved. Suspected that was a news manipulation, especially as there was no follow up outrage on the aircraft damage, turns out the flipped jet was part of a static displayed [Photo], but there is still manufactured outrage Hurricane Michael Showed How Woefully Unprepared the Military Is for Extreme Weather.
-181014-6>3. Imagining What Birds Think of Climate Change. Art is about proposing new ideas and new ways of being. Art can show us how life could be otherwise. Storm King Presents Indicators: Artists on Climate Change Featuring Works by More than a Dozen Artists That Explore the Changing Climate, Indicators, Artists on Climate Change. [Art].
-181007-1>4. (original link broken, this is the current link), 170220-3.3P>, -1 -4↑. The Trump Administration Has Entered Stage 5 Climate Denial. Stage 1: Deny the problem exists, Stage 2: Deny we're the cause (and that there is consensus), Stage 3: Deny It's a Problem, Stage 4: Deny We can solve it, Stage 5: It's too late. Shifting Roles of Science Journalists Covering Climate Change. Media Coverage of Global Warming. Duck and Cover: Science Journalism in the Digital Age. Media (Mis)Communication on the Science of Climate Change 1994. <ADDED 180930-180923-6.2>2, INDEX Science Journalism, -4↑, -180513-1.1↓. Voting on the Future of Science Journalism (Again). Handle with Care: How to Put Your People First in a Crisis.
-A. Perhaps resorting to fiction can help understand the problem of accuracy versus truth. #Book The Lifespan of a Fact [Cover]. An innovative essayist and his fact checker do battle about the use of truth and the definition of nonfiction. How negotiable is a fact, and the resulting seven years of arguments, negotiations, in the struggle to navigate the boundaries of literary nonfiction. Daniel Radcliffe Brilliantly Exposes ‘The Lifespan of a Fact’ on Broadway [Poster]. This conundrum is encountered in parademic constantly. What it real, fact, true, verifiable, replicable, data, antedate, fiction, fake, outdated, no longer accepted, new norms, empirical, to be trusted. These are all social negotiations and constructions when one is dealing with behavior that is detrimental to or facilitates life, when communities are faced with having to choose what gives them meaning or what will sustain their life -180708-4↓. Sometimes identity, meaning, truth and existence is more important than biology, survival, objectivity and fact. PDWN usually handles this by avoiding it, instead of choosing it goes with identifying in what way is a belief/ behavior valid. Top 10 Differences Between Truth and Reality. Color – What is Color [Graphic].
-B. To Sway Science Skeptics, First Listen to Them. Scientists should acknowledge that emotions and values play a legitimate role in shaping public perceptions of risk. Implicit experts’ stance is the belief that, when it came to judging risk, they know better than laypeople. But people have a rich conceptualization of risk. The public’s decision making factored in social concerns, attitudes, and emotions — not just statistics. Their judgments, he wrote, carried a complexity that wasn’t being captured by the experts’ verdicts. Fighting Back Against Attacks on Science.
-C. Social Media for Medical Journals Operates in 'Wild West,' Needs More Support to Succeed. Tax dollars are paying for research the public never hears about. Much medical research goes unread by the general public and medical community, despite being largely funded by the federal government and private foundations. To reach more people, medical journals have begun using social media to promote new research.
-180916-1>5, <ADDED 181014>3. Here’s Where the Post Apocalyptic Water Wars Will Be Fought. Conflicts are more likely to arise in areas where a “transboundary” to water is present, such as a shared lake, basin, or river, and when freshwater is scarce, population density high, and power imbalances and climate stresses exist. A number of potentially problematic areas were identified, including five hotspots: the Nile, Ganges-Brahmaputra, Indus, Tigris-Euphrates, and Colorado rivers. [Still].
-180708-4>6. Why Climate Change Will Make Beer Lovers 'Hopping' Mad -2-. If it comes down to having to choose between food grains (fact) and brewing grains (truth), what will be chosen. Climate Change Will Worsen Hunger, and regardless of the cause famine forces migration, There’s Grim News on Climate Change. Will it Lead to Mass Migration and Conflict, -2- -3-. A solution to keep out these bad hombres -1↑ is not barriers, but making it less desirable to leave an area by improving access to food, water, air, shelter, health, energy, safety – Hmmm, this looks like a list of biocalamities. These are also likely to be cheaper and more sustainable than trying to keep people out. In addition people who are keeping others out, and finding people to expel, are not able to perform useful functions that improves one’s everyone living situations, and contribute economically to society.
-‡. Thanks to Climate Change, Beer Will Go the Way of Bees, Chocolate and Coffee. Beer, Drinking Water and Fish: Tiny Plastic Is Everywhere. 170129-2.3. Climate Change Is an Existential Threat to Civilization. And Also Beer. Bye Bye, Beer? Brewers Say They've Got a Plan on Climate Change. Coffee Rust Threatens Latin American Crop; 150 Years Ago, it Wiped out an Empire. | Politicians Say Nothing, but Us Farmers Are Increasingly Terrified by it – Climate Change, After Hurricane Michael, Georgia Farmers Debate: Bad Luck, or Climate Change.
-A. The 1800s Global Famine Could Happen Again. Researchers have completed the most thorough analysis yet of The Great Drought — the most devastating known drought of the past 800 years — and how it led to the Global Famine, an unprecedented disaster that took 50 million lives. She warns that the Earth’s current warming climate could make a similar drought even worse.
-180513-1.1>7, <ADDED 181014>9|. PDWN has been providing parademic information for awhile to a project of social media and the Ukraine project, apparently others have noticed the War Related Environmental Disaster in Ukraine. The current war in the eastern portion of that country has heightened the potential for a severe ecological disaster there. One enormous problem is that significant environmental damage includes the particularly dangerous flooding of a series of interconnected mines that stretch across the contact line between Ukrainian and Russian backed forces, posing the possibility of massive poisoning of water supplies and spreading of radioactive contamination. Such an ecological collapse could create a legacy of human devastation lasting well beyond the still unforeseen end of active warfare. The lack of international attention given to this environmental crisis can be attributed in part, to the status of the Ukraine conflict as a “forgotten war” (like the DRC -180513-1.1↓). The war itself, of course, warrants increased international attention. But because of its enormous scope, the potential for long term environmental disaster in eastern Ukraine also deserves a focused global response. This could easily exceed the Topographical Chernobyl Map of the Exclusion Zone.
-180513-1.1>8, <ADDED 181007 (original link broken, this is the current link)>8, <ADDED 181028>. INDEX Attack on Medical. -180513-1.1↑. Ebola Experts from CDC Were Pulled from Outbreak Zone amid Security Concern. Tedros: Ebola Outbreak Highlights Weakness for Panic Based Response. World Health Organization calls crisis meeting over deadly Ebola outbreak in DR Congo. DRC - Beni: Ebola Prevents Tracking of ADFs Who Take More Aggressive Positions. 80 per Cent of School Children Returned to School in Ebola Affected Areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. UN: Ebola Outbreak Is Worrying but Not a Global Emergency, AP Explains: Why Congo’s Latest Ebola Outbreak Is Worrying. Uganda at Big Risk for Ebola Spreading from Neighbouring Congo. Ebola Fight: Beni Neighborhood Leaders with Cell Phones. An Ebola Outbreak Presents a New Mystery Involving Children. Welcome to the First War Zone Ebola Crisis. Ebola Response Coordinator Welcomes Commitment of Beni Residents. The agreement with the Mai-Mai is welcome and also, once achieved, painfully obvious: why weren't MOH officials in touch with the Mai-Mai, ADF, and other armed groups as soon as the nature of the epidemic was understood. Even if negotiations failed, it would have been worth making the effort. ‘Dark Day’: Congo Rebels Kill 2 Health Agents Fighting Ebola, Congo Rebels Kill 13, Abduct Kids in Ebola Outbreak Region, Deadly Attack amid Ebola Outbreak Stalls Containment Efforts, At Least 14 Killed in Violence in Eastern Congo's Ebola Zone, Heavy Weapon Fire in Beni, Several Districts of the City Deserted by the Population. U.S. Official Optimistic Congo Ebola Outbreak Can Be Controlled, and that the high rate of new cases is due largely to improved detection.
-180513-1.1>9, <ADDED 181014>9*. Archaeologists Find ‘Vampire Burial’ Site of a Child Feared Capable of Rising from the Dead -2- -3- -4-. The discovery offers a glimpse into a terrified society swept by a deadly disease — which archaeologists say may have paved the way for the end of the Roman Empire. Now this is interesting. Predictable but not a direction I anticipated for this news cluster. I had originally collected the first story because it was relevant to the Bat Rabies Educational Team that I send relevant open source material to for their news archive. This is combounding a few narratives: The typical Halloween scare stories, Drugs or Poison in the Sweets. The Halloween Urban Legends That Don't Die; Vampire burial myths, Vampire Burial in Poland Keeps Alive the Myth That Will Not Die; The end of the Roman Empire, #Book The Modern Cultural Myth of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire [Cover], The Decline and Fall of Ancient Rome a Cautionary Tale for the U.S.; Disease as part of the cascading collapse of society; and Malaria (not rabies). Besides this being an example of the parademic topic of science journalism being misinformative and over reaching*, this takes on additional meaning in the contemporary context of uncertainty: The recent IPCC report <ADDED 181014-180930-3A>2, Experts Respond to UN Climate Report -2-; Trumpgelicals encouraging the fulfillment of End of Days prophecy <ADDED 181014-180930-3A>2A, [Cartoon], and the opposition saying essentially the same Mammals Cannot Evolve Fast Enough to Escape Current Extinction Crisis; The magical thinking of seeing omens and supernatural creatures in bioevents, Hurricane Michael: Creepy Skull Spotted in Satellite Imagery, the upcoming midterms (a repeat in reverse of the 2014 midterms and Ebolaphobia) After Midterms, Democrats Hope to 'Change the Narrative' on Environmental Rollbacks; and, The 100th anniversary of the Spanish Flu, A Pandemic Killing Tens of Millions of People Is a Real Possibility — and We Are Not Prepared for It. ¶ Innuendo Alone Can Fuel Conspiracy Theories, news media which imply coincidences and connections are enough to lead people to believe false information. Public Opinion on GMOs Might Impact Similar Technologies in Stores. Sewage Spill from Hurricane Michael Suspected in Florida Fish Kills.
-*. In fact science journalism, though based on fact, is often science fiction like in that the author projects and reflects their own and the larger concerns of society, along as forming part of the narratives associated with particular agendas, -4, -181007-1↑. Doesn’t mean this is intentional manipulation, it’s just an artifact of the impossibility of making dry objective material interesting enough to put in the effort to read it without compromise, and to stay short (clear, simple and concise) so as not to lose interest. To point out once again, PDWN is specifically designed to not be news, in part by violating nearly every rule of good (i.e. marketing) writing. PDWN stubs are no more accurate that the media stories they are based on (but with the poor writing cues that there are errors). Then again there is no claim that the database is valid, only that it consists of what people think and behave toward as being valid. INDEX Science Journalism.
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